John’s Gospel is a full account of the ministry of Jesus. However, his account is different from the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. While each Gospel account clearly displays Jesus as the Son of God, the Messiah of the world, each account highlights different aspects of Jesus’ ministry. The Gospel of John focuses on seven signs Jesus performed and seven claims Jesus made. These signs and claims further John’s main message: Jesus is the Son of God and the only way to eternal life.
The book is divided into three main scenes: Jesus’ public ministry (1:19–12:50), Jesus’ private ministry (13:1–17:26), and Jesus’ trials, death, and resurrection (18:1–21:25). In the first scene, Jesus reveals Himself to the public through seven miraculous signs and five claims. The final two claims about Himself are made in the second scene, during private ministry to His disciples. Finally, the third scene offers proof of Jesus’ deity as it describes the events of His death and miraculous resurrection.
The author of the Gospel of John is not identified by name in the book, but he does refer to himself as “the disciple whom Jesus loved” (John 21:7). Scholars have traditionally agreed that the Apostle John was the author. This Gospel is typically dated much later than the others, between a.d. 85 and a.d. 95.
As we study the Gospel of John, our challenge is to read it with fresh eyes. Rather than approaching the text with all you may already know about the life and ministry of Jesus, read John’s Gospel as if it were the first time you’re reading it. John expected his readers to have heard about Jesus, at least of His death and resurrection, but this Gospel fills in many details and proves why Jesus is the Son of God. As you read this Gospel, read it as literature, keeping the characters, setting, and plot in mind as you read. John had a central message to convey to his readers: Jesus is the Son of God and the only way to eternal life. Let’s study this Gospel and allow God’s Word to transform our hearts and minds as we discover who Jesus is.
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